Analysis of Marine casualties in Jamaica and Recommendations (2021-2023)

Analysis of Marine casualties in Jamaica and Recommendations

(2021-2023)

Between 2021 and 2023 the Maritime Authority of Jamaica has seen three allisions (not to be confused with collision!) by vessels when approaching the berth in Jamaican waters.

In a collision, two moving objects strike each other; for example, two ships that are passing run into one another. An allision, however, involves an accident where only one of the objects is moving. For instance, this maritime term can refer to an accident where a moving boat runs into a stationary dock.

Pilots with local knowledge have been employed on board ships for centuries to guide vessels into or out of port safely - or wherever navigation may be considered hazardous, particularly when a shipmaster is unfamiliar with the area.

In addition to local knowledge and expertise, pilots are able to provide effective communication with the shore and with tugs, often in the local language. Pilotage is compulsory in Jamaican waters. Vessels are charged for the service and the Maritime Authority urges all vessels to use pilots in Jamaica. The relationship between the master and the pilot is fraught with potential difficulties and conflict. The pilot acts in an advisory capacity to direct the navigation of the ship, but the master still retains overall command and control. The freedom that the master gives to the pilot varies from master to master but also depends upon the circumstances in which the pilotage takes place. There is an adage used in ship handling…..small speed small damage….big speed….big damage. The Port of Kingston has adequate tugboats. There is no harm in a master travelling at a safe speed and requesting more tug assistance. There are no brownies given for quick docking or for very few engine movements.

Recommendations

As a result of these accidents the Maritime Authority of Jamaica urges:

1. Captains and Pilots to use Bridge Team Management for effectiveness of the communications and information exchanges between the pilot, the master, and other bridge personnel and upon the mutual understanding, each has for the functions and duties of the others. 
2. Bridge staff to utilize berth to berth passage planning. Ships should provide the relevant port or pilotage authority with basic information regarding their arrival intentions and ship characteristics, such as draft and dimensions and handling. 
3. The vessel staff to monitor the ships speed and tracking even though she may be in port. Remember: small speed small damage….big speed….big damage!
4. That tugboats be engaged either directly secured or in a standby capacity.
5. Masters to participate in the berthing process. Communicate, remember the master still retains overall command and control.

Pilots to inform the master of his intentions. He is an advisor, and he may be overruled.